Wednesday, October 30, 2019

The Water You drink Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The Water You drink - Essay Example This is done by the Aqua Viva Water Treatment Facility which also treats surface. This water is drawn from a number of springs, wells and mine sites. This water is then blended with surface water and disinfected before being distributed in the water system (Towne 123). An assessment conducted on the land uses revealed that the use of these lands poses low levels of risks to both ground water and Main canal water. Though water services department of the city of Yuma treats all water it provides, it is not responsible for amount of lead to them because it does not have the power to control the plumbing techniques used. Despite the high quality the water still has low levels of microbial contaminants, radioactive contaminants and inorganic contaminants (ADWR 23). Works cited Arizona department of water resources (ADWR). Assured and adequate water supply applications. Project files. ADWR Hydrology Division. 2008. Towne Douglas. Ambient groundwater quality in Yuma basin: a 1995 baseline s tudy, ADEQ Open File Report 98-7. Yuma County. 1998. Water Services Department of the City of Yuma. Annual water report: water testing performed in 2010. Water Services Department of the City of Yuma. 2010.

Monday, October 28, 2019

Mother To Son Essay Example for Free

Mother To Son Essay The author, Langston Husthes, vividly showed how the African-Americans struggled and managed to live. The efforts they made to change and how much they changed their appearances were very evident in the three poems, â€Å"I am too†, â€Å"Mother to Son†, and â€Å"Negro†. The writer started the poem using a conversational tone, which easily showed its viewers that he was talking to somebody. In his poem, â€Å"Mother To Son†, the author told the story of how the African-Americans struggled to survive the harsh realities of living in a society dominated by the white people. The text included: â€Å"Life for me aint been no crystal stair. Its had tacks in it, And splinters, And boards torn up, And places with no carpet on the floor Bare. † This specific part of the poem showed how much the African-Americans suffered from living in a society dominated by white people. The author used a lot of metaphors in the poem to illustrate his points. The â€Å"crystal stair† mentioned in the poem, contained several meanings. The crystal may be considered to be attractive, but very fragile. The use of the crystal in the poem was somehow successful in connecting a creative story with that of reality-that the crystal stair may be used as a symbol for the way of living white people had. The poem was also told from a mothers point of view. From the text, it can be perceived that the mother was a slave at the white house, serving white people. The reader is given contrasting images of how the African-Americans suffered, while the white and rich Americans ruled over society. Throughout the entire poem, the mother tried to show the readers the uneven treatment given to both races. Words, such as â€Å"and† were repeatedly used to emphasize the hardships endured during that time. The line, â€Å"And places with no carpet on the floor –Bare,† was also used to demonstrate how the white people unfairly treated the black people.

Saturday, October 26, 2019

Exposing Child Abuse and Neglect Essay -- Violence Against Children

In 2012 it was reported that over five million children were abused and neglected in the United States. More than five children die each day as a result of abuse and neglect. (Prevent Child Abuse America). There are many factors that cause child abuse and neglect. The parent factor states that parents who have been abused physically, sexually, or emotionally or were neglected, as children will do the same to their children. Stress plays a major role in the parent factor. Overly stressed parents often take their frustrations out on their children. Alcohol and drug abuse also play a major role in the parent factor. Another factor is the child factor. It states that some children are more vulnerable to abuse or neglect than others from parents or guardians due to their age, size, emotional stability, as well as their social development. A third factor is the family factor states that the situations that occur in the family can increase the likelihood of child abuse and neglect. That was the case with young Dave from the above passage. Because his mother no longer got the attention she needed from his father she began to take out her anger and frustrations on him. Finally, the environmental factor states abuse and neglect is often caused by a combination of the previous three factors (U.S. Department of Health and Human Resources). When dealing with the issue of child abuse and neglect several questions are often raised: when does disciplining a child turn into child abuse, what happens to these children that survive the abuse and neglect, and is there a solution to stopping child abuse?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Whenever the issue of child abuse and neglect is raised, the statement is often made that I have the right to discipline my child however I see fit. Parents often feel that disciplining their children is a right that they have. My mother would often tell me, â€Å"I brought you into this world and I sure will take you out.† Now days the government tells the children that if their parent or guardian put their hands on them the children have the right to call the police on the parents. This leads to the question when is it okay and how do I discipline my child? Children should only be disciplined to let them know that their actions or behavior in a certain situation was not acceptable. There are many ways to discipline a child. One way is to put the child in time out wh... ... of abuse has made you pay. I never knew how you felt; Your self-esteem so low. I only knew you crept away, And never let your feelings show. I never knew what I could do; That I could help somehow. That all you needed was a friend; Just someone to be your pal. But now I know that I can help; I can make a difference, too. I’ll shout with you, and All the rest can’t say, â€Å"I never knew.† (Pelzer 175). Child abuse and neglect is greatly affecting the lives of young children. It is a dangerous epidemic that seems to be growing by the day. Work Cited Landau, Elaine. Child Abuse: An American Epidemic. New Jersey: Silver Burdett Press, Inc. 1984 Prevent Child Abuse America. Child Abuse and Neglect Statistics. 2014. http://www.menweb.org/throop/abuse/studies/child-ma.html Pelzer, Dave. A Child Called â€Å"It†. California: Health Communications, Inc. 1995. U.S. Department of Heath and Human Resources. Child Abuse & Neglect. 2014 http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/cb/focus-areas/child-abuse-neglect Walker, C. Eugene, Bonner, Barbara L., and Kaufman, Keith L. The Physically and Sexually Abused Child Evaluation and Treatment. New York: Pergamon Books, Inc. 1988.

Thursday, October 24, 2019

John Locke on Property Essay

In the Second Treatise of Government by John Locke, he writes about the right to private property. In the chapter which is titled â€Å"Of Property† he tells how the right to private property originated, the role it plays in the state of nature, the limitations that are set on the rights of private property, the role the invention of money played in property rights and the role property rights play after the establishment of government.. In this chapter Locke makes significant points about private property. In this paper I will summarize his analysis of the right to private property, and I will give my opinion on some of the points Locke makes in his book. According to Locke, the right to private property originated when God gave the world to men. Locke makes the argument that when God created the world for man, he gave man reason to make use of the world to the best advantage of life, and convenience. What he means by that is, that God made this world for man, and when he made it he gave man the right to use what is in this world to his benefit. Locke explains that every man has property in his own person, and that nobody has any right to that property but that person. The author states that â€Å"whatsoever then he removes out of the state of nature hath provided, and left it in, he hath mixed his labour with, and joined to it something that is his own, and thereby makes it his property (Locke pg. 19)†. What Locke means by that statement is that once a person removes something out of its original state of nature that something becomes that persons property. After someone gains this property are there any limitations on that property? Locke believes that there are limitations on that property. Locke believes that God has given us all things richly, and that man may use those things as long as he takes what he needs. Men can have property as long as they obtained it rightfully, and as long as they use discretion. If those limitations were overlooked when the person was getting the property the property was not obtained rightfully. In the chapter the rights of property, Locke tells the role that the invention of money plays in property rights. Money was invented because people were abusing their property rights. With the creation of money things were given value, and this invention prevented people from taking more than they could afford. Money was an invention that men could keep without spoiling. Men could exchange money for truly useful, but perishable supports of life. This invention plays a big role in the property rights. Now that there is money people have to use that money to get what they need instead of taking whatever they want as was the case before the invention of money. According to Locke, individual property rights change after government was established. He believes that in governments, the laws regulate the right of property, and the possession of land is determined by positive constitutions. Before the establishment of government Americans had the rights to property as long as they used it before it spoiled, and as long as they didn’t take more than they needed, and as long as they obtained it rightfully. After government, there were laws and restrictions pertaining to property. These laws and restrictions were established to secure protection of those who had property. I believe that some of Locke’s views on the rights to private property are right. I agree with his thoughts of the way property rights originated, the limitations he said were placed on property rights, and his thoughts of why money was invented. I also agree with his take on the role property rights played after government was established. I think that government plays a very important part in the protection of property. Without the laws that are made by the government there would be many problems with property rights. People still have the right to have any property they want as long as they can afford it and as long as it is obtained properly. The points that Locke makes in the chapter Of property are very important and pertain to North American society today. I feel that he was extremely accurate in some of his views and he is an important figure in world history.

Wednesday, October 23, 2019

Centered Approach Essay

Family-Centered Approach ECE 313 Collaboration with Parents & Community Kathleen Thomas October 10, 2011 Instructor Cindy Hopper The economy has hit an all time low and has caused two parent households and single parent households into the workforce. As a result of this the parents are looking for childcare centers for their children. The main concern of these parents is will the centers help with the behavior and development of their children. These parents are looking for a place that is going to help with the development of their children’s self-help skills, empowerment, pro-social skills, self-esteem and attachment. These are behaviors that are not easily controlled and because the children spend the majority of their time in the centers the parents are hoping that together they can help develop desired behavior. That is why they are looking for a center that uses the family-centered approach. As the educator you have to develop a relationship with the children and their parents, the parents have to feel that they are going to be involved in everything that goes on in the center and that concerns their child. The educator has to sit down and learn about the child from the parent so that the educator will know what the parent expects from the educator and the center. The educator has to spend time with the child so that they can start to form a relationship. Family-centered has been defined as: Focus on the children within their families. The program includes the family as an integral, inseparable, part of the children’s education and socialization. Families along with their children are the program. (Gonzalez-Mena) p. . It is very important to acknowledge the children within their families because this way, you remember that you can not do anything without involving both of them. It is important that the educators know what the parents expectations are, Teaching children desired behavior may not be easy even when the educator and the parent are using the same methods. Potty training may require the educator and the parent using the same procedure which might be putting the child on the potty several times a day. If either of them changes the procedure this might cause the child to become confused and it may take longer to train her. To encourage desired behavior from children, parents and teachers need to have a strong relationship with the children. A warm affectionate bond and a positive emotional tone in the home and center will convince the children that their teachers and parents are on the same team and promote a spirit of cooperation and understanding. (Neifert, Marianne, MD) Helping a child develop self-esteem takes a lot of work because you can not do it by saying things that are not realistic. You can not say you are the prettiest girl in the world and think that this will help her self-esteem, as a parent you have to promote self assurances, self-help, competence and being â€Å"special. † Self-esteem rises if the individual is proud to perceive herself as being in possession of these traits. (Gonzalez-Mena) p. 205. Self-esteem has four dimensions: significance, competence, power and virtue. Teaching a child about self-esteem would be difficult because hopefully the child would feel loved and cared for by her parents and she would need to feel that you loved and cared for her too. However, if the child did not feel that she was important this is not something that you can make happen. You can try by showing her that you do care about her and that she is important. You could compliment her when she has achieved a goal that was set for her but you should not over praise her. To promote self-esteem you should never have a critical attitude, label a child or use name calling. Use encouragement instead of always praising them. When they have done something better than the last time make a comparison about how much better it was this time. Never compare your child’s performance to another child’s. Children will fail at some of the things that they try to do but this will be an experience for them. Have realistic expectations; be certain that your expectations for the children’s behavior match their age and developmental abilities. You have to be prepared to show them what it is that you want them to do. Practice the skills with them so that they will be able to do them alone. It is not impossible for a two year old to put on their coats but this two year old might not be ready, you will have to practice this over and over until the child is able to do it themselves. Competence, power and virtue are a part of self-esteem and these things might be easier to teach, being competent means that you have skills that you are very good at. If you were doing these skills on a daily basis you would someday be extremely good at that skill. Power is believing that you are in charge of something other than the paper clips and that you have control over the things that happen in your life. Virtue is being a good person and knowing right from wrong. Educators can take these four dimensions and use them to help a child learn how to feel good about themselves. Teaching pro-social skills you can model the children yourself, you have to set limits and tell them why you are setting the limits. The reason is because you don’t want them to get hurt. Have children work and play together so that they will cooperate better. When children are involved in a conflict it is your responsibility to resolve it with a solving approach. Always avoid punishment as a way of discipline. There are other things that you can do when trying to teach pro-social skills; as an educator you should sincerely acknowledge children’s pro-social behavior by recognizing when they are doing things together (ex: two children have started cleaning up the art area) your response could be â€Å"that is real cooperation†. You should explain reasons for rules and help the children understand the effects of their behavior on others. This type of inductive discipline seems to encourage child to be kind and helpful. (Berman, K. L. , M. M. Torres, C. E. Domitrovich, J. A. An educator can encourage good behavior by using a reward system. Choose a behavior you would like to change. There might be a child in your classroom who will not sit still in his seat; you can tell him that if he sits still that you will reward him for staying in his seat. You can tell him that he has to earn five tokens by staying in his seat when you are teaching the class and that five tokens will get him ice cream at lunchtime. It does not have to be tokens; you might have a chart with everyone’s name on it and at the end of the week if they have receive a star for everyday they will receive extra cookies at snack time. Share your reward system with the parents and see if that helps them out with behavior problems at home.

Tuesday, October 22, 2019

Social Media Editorial Calendar How to Organize Yours (Free Template)

Social Media Editorial Calendar How to Organize Yours (Free Template) Social media editorial calendars are important tools for busy teams. They make it possible to plan posts ahead of time, avoid last-minute fire drills to create content, and keep your workflow organized. Without one, youre left scrambling to keep your social posting schedule full. But, you might have some questions: What exactly is a social media editorial calendar? How can I build one (or is there an app I can use instead)? Where can I find some templates to get started with? Well cover all those questions and more in this post. By the time youre done, youll know: How to get started using free templates and basic knowledge of social strategy. How to plan everything from one-off posts to entire campaigns on one calendar. How to organize effective scheduling workflows around your calendar. In short, your team will have one version of truth they can reference for all things social media marketing. Table of Contents What Is a Social Media Editorial Calendar? Three Social Media Calendar Format Examples Who Uses Social Calendars? What Are The Real Benefits? Download Your Free Social Media Editorial Calendar Template What Makes Up a Good Social Media Calendar? Developing a Social Media Content Strategy Figure Out What Content Works For Which Networks Plan Your Social Media Sharing Schedule Plan Your Social Media Content Creation Workflow Use Social Analytics In Use Data to Optimize Your Calendar Three Tips to Keep Your Calendar FullHow to Effectively Organize Your Social Media Editorial Calendar (Free Template) via @ So, What Is A Social Media Editorial Calendar? Heres the definition well work with: Social media editorial calendars are spreadsheets or apps used to schedule social posts in advance. Theyre also used to plan when and which content will be shared, manage campaigns, and track deadlines. That sounds simple enough, right? Lets look at a few different formats you might use: Printed calendars. The old-school approach. These can be helpful for mapping out content themes and making note of upcoming content and events needing social media promotion. You might keep something like this on your desk or pinned to your cubicle wall. Spreadsheets. Shared spreadsheets are flexible and free. However, they dont allow for automation quite as well as dedicated social media calendar apps and scheduling tools. The most efficient solutions. These apps add a level of automation (plus other powerful features) that spreadsheets cant match. Spreadsheets are workable solutions at first  and are a great option when youre starting out. When you need more power and automation, though, a holistic marketing management platform like (which brings social into focus alongside all other projects and campaigns) is the best option.  As we continue in this post, well show you how to use both. Or schedule a demo today. How to Plan an Effective Social Media Editorial Calendar (Free Templates) via @ Three Social Media Calendar Format Examples So, what do these calendars look like in action? Lets take a look at some examples. Printed Calendar Example Spreadsheet Calendar Example Calendar Example Who Can Use a Social Calendar? Anyone creating social content, whether for a business, media company, or a serious blog, should consider using a calendar. Marketing teams: Marketing campaigns often have a lot of moving parts, including social components. Keeping teams organized and making sure everyone involved in a project understands the social promotion schedule is key. Plus, giving all your marketing departments visibility on whats going out, and when, helps everyone know whats going on and when things need to be finished. Small businesses: Staying organized with a calendar makes it much easier to save time and maintain consistency. This is important for small businesses, where resources are limited. Consultants: If youre managing social media marketing for multiple clients, you probably wish you had an extra set of hands. Unfortunately, medical science hasnt made that possible (yet). But, getting each client organized on their own calendar can help immensely (especially when you add automation). Media companies: If youre creating editorial content, itll need social media promotion. Keep it all together on your calendar. Bloggers: If your blog is your business, you dont have time to waste with dysfunctional tools. Make sure every post gets promoted on your calendar. What Are The Real Benefits? Before you invest the time into building out a completed calendar, you probably want to know what the real benefits are. We believe those benefits can be broken down into four areas: Turning chaos into harmony. Managing multiple social media accounts can turn messy fast. That kind of disorganization will kill your efficiency.  It can also diminish the effectiveness of your social media marketing efforts. Knowing what youll say and when youll say it saves time so you can get other important things done. Holding teams accountable. Calendars are great for setting deadlines. Its easy to procrastinate when deadlines are flexible (or nonexistent).  Laying out a clear plan eliminates excuses for not knowing what content to publish on your social channels. Saving time (that you can use to get real work done). No one ever has enough time. However, planning your social media outreach with a calendar lets you make the most of the time you have. Measurably improving your results. This is the benefit that supersedes all other benefits. After all, efficiency without effectiveness really just  means  doing things poorly, quickly. Using a calendar allows you to schedule your messages for optimal times, increasing the odds theyll get seen. 4 reasons to use a social media calendar: Organization. Accountability. Efficiency. Effectiveness.So, that all sounds great. But, you probably want to see some hard data supporting these claims. did too. In the companys early days, Nathan Ellering, our Head of Demand Generation, gathered data on what happened he used a calendar to schedule multiple social posts promoting a single piece of content. Here are the results: 3,150% increase in clicks. Best of all, theres no reason you cant replicate similar success, too. Start By Downloading Your Free Social Media Editorial Calendar Template This template is built to make scheduling social media posts easy. No matter how many networks youre active on, youll be able to keep everything organized, all in one place. Its a free Excel file that can easily be uploaded to Google Sheets (which we recommend if your calendar will be shared with multiple users). Next, let's walk through each section of your template. 1. The Broad And General Calendar You’ll need an overarching calendar to help you focus on topics that matter to your audience. For content marketers, it would be perfect to schedule your broad topic calendar four to six months out. That  gives you the opportunity to plan new content  based  your audience’s reactions. To build your broad and general calendar, start by downloading the social media calendar bundle included in this post. Then, open up the Social Media Calendar Excel file. You’ll find the â€Å"Broad and General Calendar† section at the top of the first tab: Use the Main Theme row to map out your primary content themes for each month. Then, fill in sub-topics for content you’ll want to create and share that support those themes. You can base your general calendar on the model from  traditional magazines. They  typically  offer these sorts of editorial calendars for an entire year to attract advertisers for specific magazine issues. For example, check out this  editorial calendar example from Forbes. 2. The Content Calendar The content calendar provides a lot more detail. This is when you look at your topics and plan  the actual  content types  best suited to tell your specific stories- blog posts,  e-books, videos, webinars, events, and whathaveyou. Let’s look back at the social media calendar you downloaded from this post. Beneath the Broad and General calendar, you’ll find the Content Calendar. This is where you can map out all the content you’ll create (and later share and promote on social media): At this point, you assign the specific dates on which each piece will publish. Typically, you can work two to three months out with this calendar. Recommended Reading:  The Complete 14-Step Content Strategy That Will Boost Your Results By 434% 3. The  Promotion Calendar The promotion  calendar is your  plan to share all of the content you create. This is when you’ll  schedule your social media messages  and plan your emails, newsletters, and other ways you’ll share your content. Using your Social Media Calendar, click into any of the month tabs along the bottom. Here’s what you’ll see: This is where you’ll create and store all your social media promotion content. Here’s what you should put in each field: Content: This is your social media post copy. Image Link: If your post will have an image or video, upload it to a cloud storage service (such as Google Drive or Dropbox). Then, drop a link to the image here. This will give you easy access to your images when you’re ready to create your posts. URL: If a post will include a link, drop it in here. You can then assign the specific dates when you’ll share each of these messages, which usually takes place immediately after you’re done creating the content you’ll share (but you  can  plan this ahead of schedule with the right tools). What Makes Up A Good Social Media Calendar? It seems like a lot of content marketers  create great content, share it when it goes live, and then they  call it good.  They’re all missing out  on their own 3,150% more click-throughs. Instead of taking this minimalist approach, a great social media calendar maximizes exposure of your content on the social networks  your audience uses- without being spammy. As you plan your content, these eight  things can make or break your social media calendar. 1. Understand Why Your Audience Shares Your Content Once you understand the  psychology of why your audience shares, you can create content in ways that are most likely to  connect with them. This will help you plan awesome content from the get-go, and help you interact- socialize- with your audience using social media. A report from  The New York Times  Customer Insight Group found five major reasons why people share content with their networks: 84% share to support a cause. 78% share to  stay connected with those they know. 69% share to feel involved in the world. 68% share to define  themselves. 49% share for entertainment or to provide valuable content to others. The study also found that 73% of the survey takers shared content to understand the information more thoughtfully. As you can imagine, there are a lot of lessons to learn from this knowledge. As you plan your social media calendar, keep this in mind: Help Them Define Themselves Create content about your different  customer types  and help them self-identify. That will help you, and help them connect with your content. Help Them Connect With Others Imagine the possibilities a forum- or even a larger brand ambassador program- could present for your customers to ask each other questions and learn from one another. You could even start as simple as a  Twitter chat. Recommended Reading:  21 Social Media Engagement Tactics That Will Grow Your Audience Value Them- And Let Them Know It If someone sends you a message, leaves you a comment, responds to a tweet- whatever it is- let them know that you valued their contribution.  Listen  and respond. Help Them Believe In Something Again, let your advocates know you appreciate their respect. They’re your rock stars, and almost  nothing is better than social proof. While some of this is more about creating awesome content in the first place,  this is the backbone on which you’ll build your social media calendar.  But without sharing good content in the first place, why would anyone want to interact with you? Build A Simple Social Media Content Strategy No one likes people who talk only about themselves. Nor does anyone want to be around someone only interested in talking about one topic. The same goes for brands. If you're only pushing your own content, you're unlikely to drive much engagement. The same is true if you're only publishing one type of content.  This is why you need a social media content strategy  to ensure you're sending a balanced content mix. If "content strategy" makes you think "large, boring document," then don't worry. This doesn't have to take a lot of time. You just need to define how much of which types of content you're going to share. Here's an example of what your messaging mix  might look like: Figure Out What Content Works For Specific Social  Networks Some content lends itself better for certain social networks. And- assuming you  know your audience- you’re using specific social media to target your customers. Can you share  your same piece of content  on multiple networks? Yes. Just make sure your social media messages follow these best practices to get the most  traffic. Use Twitter To Share Business Tips And Show A  Little Personality Twitter has become content marketers’ best friend recently. That’s because one of the best ways to use Twitter is to share helpful business tips. And after all, that’s exactly what you’re creating in your content, right? Other content types that work well for sharing are news and things going on behind the scenes to share your business’ passion. Twitter Tip:  Share useful business tips that draw your readers in. Buffer found that  sharing images on Twitter increases retweets by 150%. And when we tested GIFs in tweets recently, we increased clickthroughs by another  166.6% more than static image tweets. So definitely try visuals  in your tweets to see if that will make a difference. Track Social also found data to support that  70–100 characters is the ideal length for tweetsto get retweets. Imagine that: Just enough context to know what you’re sharing with enough room for them to add their own individual thoughts. Twitter Tip:  Share visual content on Twitter with a 70–100-character message. Facebook Is For Entertainment Facebook wants your useful and entertaining content- the kind that people can share with their friends and family no matter their background. Industry  blah  content  just doesn’t work on Facebook. Facebook Tip:  Share entertaining content. Think of quizzes that are fun to take or comment on- and then you also get some cool data. Or think of storytelling and how inspirational or emotional stories seem to light up your newsfeed. Facebook posts with less than 100 characters typically perform the best. Combine this with  images and videos, and your posts  will be even more likely to increase your engagement. Here’s a good inspirational example from Ford Motor Company: Welcome to the Driver's Seat Women in Saudi Arabia will soon be free to take the wheel. Welcome to the driver’s seat. Posted by Ford Motor Company on Thursday, March 8, 2018 Facebook Tip:  Share visual content on Facebook with a message less than 100 characters long. Use LinkedIn To Share Your Business And Industry News I’m  not talking cheesy press releases here that are all about you. I’m  talking about valuable information like business case studies, how-to posts- examples of how to grow professionally as a person and business in your niche. Remember that people use social media to define themselves and build relationships? LinkedIn is exactly that for professionals. LinkedIn Tip:  Share content that helps your audience grow professionally. Images on LinkedIn  get 98% more comments  than posts without images. And apparently, video links to YouTube result in a  75% higher share rate. Combine those visuals with shorter messages- questions, demands, or helpful takeaways you personally learned- and you’ll get some interaction with your content. LinkedIn Tip:  Share posts with images and short messages about why your audience should engage with your content. Google+ Combines Personal And Professional Content Google+ is kind of a grab bag between personal and professional. In your private circle, you can share pics of your kids, and in your public circle, you can share your professional content. But there are exciting opportunities with Google+ from a business perspective. Share your helpful content here like you might on LinkedIn. Imagine how-to videos, helpful GIFs to use your product, and other support content. Early research found that Google+ content  is slightly tech-driven, so your straightforward content on doing  something better may be your best bet. Google+ Tip:  Share technical how-to content like videos, GIFs, and blog posts. For Google+ posts, differentiate your content with  longer rich  text snippets. Long-form posts for Google+ help you stand out for your audience- and you’ll capitalize on the network’s natural SEO juice. Pare down your introduction and pick two or three of your big ideas to share. Google+ Tip:  Use rich text to create paragraphs and mark up your text (bold, etc.). Try longer content to see what your audience will appreciate. The Only Way To Use Pinterest Is With Awesome Visuals The only way to use Pinterest really well is to share extremely awesome visual content. Think of small info-images, infographics, comics, custom photography, and memes. Pinterest Tip:  Brainstorm the best ways to connect with your audience visually and explore those media types. Don’t get stuck on one if it’s not working. Pinterest has an audience that’s looking for fun, how-to content that looks†¦ well†¦ awesome. Here’s an example of one our own boards: It’s no secret that Pinterest is dominated by women users too- 80% of their entire user base- so if that’s your target audience, this may be a great platform for you. Some of the best content on Pinterest involves  fashion, recipes, and DIY. Pinterest Tip:  Don’t even try Pinterest unless you have awesome visual content. Plan how you’ll do that before you just jump in. Plan Your Social Media Sharing Schedule In order to make the most out of your calendar, it helps to have a grasp on basic social media marketing mechanics. Know Your Post Frequency Targets There's a lot of discussion around how often you should post on each social network. Here is what we recommend as a starting point: Don't take these numbers as  gospel. If these numbers aren't getting you results, then mix it up. Test until you find out what works best for you. Recommended Reading: How Often to Post on Social Media? Proven Research from 14 Studies. Know The Best Times To Post On Each Network There is some debate about the best times to post on various social media networks. Fortunately, we've crunched the data from tons of different studies, and here's what we found: Plan Your Social Media Content Creation Workflow Now, let's explore how to use the calendar step-by-step. Follow along to plan out an entire social media marketing workflow for your team (or yourself), all based around your calendar. Step 1: Determine What You'll Be Creating Or Sharing Let's begin with a hypothetical social media campaign. Maybe you're promoting: A blog post or article A landing page An event A contest A brand or product, in general Whatever the case may be, knowing what you'll be promoting, creating, or sharing is likely where your process will start. Recommended Reading: How to Generate Better Social Media Campaign Ideas Like a Creative Genius Step 2: Write Your Post Copy As our own Nathan Ellering recently said on our blog: Think of each message as a  call to action: Sell your followers on the value they’ll get if they just click through to read your blog post. Or make them question a current belief with the promise of a better solution to a problem. Or make them feel like they’re missing out on something amazing. In short, words have power. Wield them intentionally to invoke the emotional response you want. Getting this right is key to driving engagement and traffic. So, what are some of the specific types of messaging that you can try out? Questions. Close-ended questions drive more clickthroughs. However, open-ended questions may drive more engagement (since you're asking for a response). Benefits. Hint at what's in it for your audience to click through on your link. FOMO. Otherwise known as "the fear of missing out."  This angle can work well if  you're giving your audience a deadline to act. Stats. Numbers that seem hard-to-believe (but are accurate) can be a great way to stoke interest. Facts. Again, the harder to believe, the better. Controversy. This doesn't mean to be offensive. It means don't be afraid of questioning status quo. If you have a contrary opinion on a topic, put it out there. You just might spark a discussion that changes what folks consider common wisdom (which isn't always wise)Wield your words intentionally to invoke the emotional response that you want.If you don't want to write your posts directly into your spreadsheet, use in a word processor (Word, Google Docs, or anything else you prefer will work). Lay out your document like this: Network: [INSERT NETWORK] Post 1 Copy: [ENTER POST] Post 1 Image: [INSERT IMAGE DIRECTION] Post 1 Link: [INSERT URL] Post 2 Copy: [ENTER POST] Post 2 Image: [INSERT IMAGE DIRECTION] Post 2 Link: [INSERT URL] Continue until you've completed a full campaign's worth of posts. To make sure each post is the best it can be before publishing, run your copy through the  Social Media Optimizer: To use the social message optimizer, start by typing in your post copy: Select  Score My Message, and your score for each social channel will appear. For a more detailed breakdown, scroll along the top bar to switch between channels: Scroll down for more detailed analysis. You'll find tips to improve your post, including recommendations for character counts, hashtags, emotional sentiment, and emojis: You'll also get guidance on the optimal time to post: Best of all, it's totally free. Try it yourself here. Recommended Reading: How to Write for Social Media to Create the Best Posts Step 3: Hand Off Your Campaign for Design Next, hand off your image ideas to your designer. You'll likely need to discuss your ideas with them and get their creative input before they begin design. For the sake of example, let's say this is an image we'll use for our campaign: Now that you've got a graphic, upload them to a folder in a cloud-based storage service of your choice (Google Drive, Dropbox, or any other option). Give the folder a name specific to this campaign: Then, upload your image: Do this for each photo in your campaign. That way, you'll have easy access to all your campaign's assets when you're ready to post them. Recommended Reading: How to Make the Best Social Media Images the Easy Way Step 4: Add All Your Campaign Content Onto Your Calendar Now, you have all the content for your campaign ready. It's time to place it all on the calendar. Start by pasting in your post copy: Then, grab  the URL for the image from your image storage service and paste that in, too. If you're using Google Drive, click the Get Shareable Link button below: Then, paste the link from the popup into your calendar: Next, add your URL: Finally, add in the time for your post: Repeat as necessary until you've entered all your content. Follow this same process for every post you create. Tip: Use the text wrap settings in Google Sheets or Excel to control how content fills each cell in your calendar: Alternately, you can do this all in , too.  First, go to your calendar, click the  + icon and select  Social Message: Select the social channel you want to post to and compose your message: Schedule your post using either Best Time Scheduling, or manually schedule your time: Step 5: Measure Your Results Once you start using your calendar, you'll want to see results, right? One way to do that is to measure referral traffic to your blog or website using Google Analytics. On the first tab of the calendar template included in this post, you'll see this link to a Custom Report template for Google Analytics: Copy and paste this URL into your browser. Next, you'll see a screen that looks like this: Under Select A View, choose which site associated with a Google Analytics account you'd like to use. Then, you'll see your free social media traffic dashboard: Next, copy the link to your new Google Analytics dashboard, and paste it over the original link to the template: Now, you have quick access to your social media performance, direct from your calendar. Recommended Reading: How to Use Social Media Analytics to Create the Best Content Or, Use Social Analytics in To automate your social media measurement, consider using Social Analytics in . You can track engagement rates, post-level performance metrics, compare campaigns side-by-side, and more (with exportable reports, too): Use That Data to Optimize Your Calendar When it comes to art and design, taste is often subjective. Data, however, isn't (although your interpretation of it might be). The key to getting the best results from your social media content is to bring the head (data) and heart (visual and verbal creative) together.  This means testing, tweaking, and adjusting to get the best results.

Monday, October 21, 2019

Free Essays on The Once And Future King-- The Ill-Made Knight

The Once and Future King â€Å"The Ill-Made Knight† by, T. H. White I. Characters A. Lancelot 1. Not very attractive. 2. Sleeps with Elaine and ends up with a child, whom he does not claim. 3. The best knight in the world until his son, Galahad, comes of age. B. Guenever 1. Loves Arthur a lot although their marriage was â€Å"made†. 2. Has an affair with Lancelot. 3. Accused of treason by Sir Mador de la Porte after Sir Patrick dies by eating a poisoned apple, intended for Gawaine. C. Gareth 1. The youngest of the Orkney faction to come to court twenty-one years after Arthur assumes the throne as King. 2. Has a moment of remembrance of the unicorn, when Arthur mentions the killing of Lamorak, by his brothers. 3. He first comes to Camelot as a kitchen page and Arthur knights him in the end. D. Mordred 1. Arthur’s illegitimate son. 2. Comes to court before Gareth. 3. Comes to Arthur and asks for forgiveness with Agravaine after they kill their mother and Lamorak. E. Lamorak 1. King Pellinore’s son. 2. Murdered by Agravaine and Mordred after they catch him in bed with their mother. 3. Slept with Morgause to get revenge on the Orkney faction for murdering his father after the accidental death of their father. F. Galahad 1. Lancelot’s son with Elaine. 2. Unhorses Lancelot numerous times in tilting matches. 3. Becomes the best knight in the world, after he beats his father, Lancelot. G. Sir Lionel 1. Lancelot’s cousin. 2. Returns to court, in a fury, to explain to Arthur about his brothers morals. 3. He tells of the trials his brother performs and how he tried to kill him. H. Elaine 1. Saved by Lancelot from a boiling basin of water. 2. Mother of Lancelot’s son, Galahad. 3. Tricks ... Free Essays on The Once And Future King-- The Ill-Made Knight Free Essays on The Once And Future King The Ill-Made Knight The Once and Future King â€Å"The Ill-Made Knight† by, T. H. White I. Characters A. Lancelot 1. Not very attractive. 2. Sleeps with Elaine and ends up with a child, whom he does not claim. 3. The best knight in the world until his son, Galahad, comes of age. B. Guenever 1. Loves Arthur a lot although their marriage was â€Å"made†. 2. Has an affair with Lancelot. 3. Accused of treason by Sir Mador de la Porte after Sir Patrick dies by eating a poisoned apple, intended for Gawaine. C. Gareth 1. The youngest of the Orkney faction to come to court twenty-one years after Arthur assumes the throne as King. 2. Has a moment of remembrance of the unicorn, when Arthur mentions the killing of Lamorak, by his brothers. 3. He first comes to Camelot as a kitchen page and Arthur knights him in the end. D. Mordred 1. Arthur’s illegitimate son. 2. Comes to court before Gareth. 3. Comes to Arthur and asks for forgiveness with Agravaine after they kill their mother and Lamorak. E. Lamorak 1. King Pellinore’s son. 2. Murdered by Agravaine and Mordred after they catch him in bed with their mother. 3. Slept with Morgause to get revenge on the Orkney faction for murdering his father after the accidental death of their father. F. Galahad 1. Lancelot’s son with Elaine. 2. Unhorses Lancelot numerous times in tilting matches. 3. Becomes the best knight in the world, after he beats his father, Lancelot. G. Sir Lionel 1. Lancelot’s cousin. 2. Returns to court, in a fury, to explain to Arthur about his brothers morals. 3. He tells of the trials his brother performs and how he tried to kill him. H. Elaine 1. Saved by Lancelot from a boiling basin of water. 2. Mother of Lancelot’s son, Galahad. 3. Tricks ...

Sunday, October 20, 2019

Learn French Vocabulary in Context Lessons

Learn French Vocabulary in Context Lessons Learning new vocabulary in the form of a story is the best way to remember new vocabulary and study grammar in its rightful context. Instead of remembering words, you imagine the situation, you make your own movie, and associate French words with it. And its fun! Now, how you go about working with these  lessons is up to you. You can directly go for the French version with English translation, read the French part, and glance at the translation when needed. This is fun, but not very effective as far as learning French goes. My suggestion however is that you: First read the story in French only, and see if it makes any sense.Then, study the related  vocabulary list (look at the underlined links in the lesson: often there will be a specific vocabulary lesson linked to the story).  Read the story another time. It should make much more sense once you know the vocabulary specific to the topic.Try to guess what you don’t know for sure: you don’t have to translate, just try to follow the image and story that is taking form in your head. What comes next should be logical enough that you can kind of guess it, even if you dont understand all the words. Read the story a couple of times, it will come clearer with each run.Now, you can read the translation to find out the words you dont know and couldnt guess. Make a list and flashcards and learn them.Once you have a better grasp of the story, read it out-loud, just as if you were a comedian. Push your French accent (try to speak as if you were mocking a French person - it will soun d ridiculous to you, but I bet you it will sound quite French! Make sure you convey the emotion of the story, and respect the punctuation - thats where you can breathe!) Students of French often make the mistake of translating everything in their head. Although tempting, you should try to stay away from it as much as possible, and link the French words to images, situations, feelings. Try as much as possible to follow the images that appear in your head, and link them to the French words, not the English words. It takes some practice, but it will save you a lot of energy and frustration (French doesn’t always match English word by word), and will allow you to  « fill in the gaps  » much more easily. You will find all learn French in Context Easy Stories here. If you like these stories, I recommend you check out my level-adapted audio novels - Im sure youll like them.

Saturday, October 19, 2019

Management accounting & decision making Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Management accounting & decision making - Essay Example As at September 30, 20X0 Property, Plant and Equipment 1,840,000 Less: Depreciation (133,167) Net Book Value 1,706,833 Inventory 9,000 Receivables 144,585 Cash 172,700 Total Assets 2,033,118 Owner's Capital 2,000,000 Profit for the year (92) Creditors 12,960 Overhead cost payable 20,250 Total capital and liabilities 2,033,118 The above statement presents the cash budget, income statement and the statement of financial position for the six months ended September 30. In the forecasting of the cash budget, the effect of inflation has been ignored. During the six months period the inflation is expected to rise and it will impact all the variables of the projections. In addition, it has been assumed, in the cash flow forecast, that the credit sales will be settled at the end of two months. Same assumption has been applied in the cost of purchases which is being assumed to be settled at the end of the next month in which the sales were made. It has also been assumed that purchases, in orde r to maintain the inventory level to ? 10,000, are included in the total cost of purchase. In the income statement, it has been assumed that China glass and cutlery, bed linen and towel and miscellaneous items including toiletries are revenue expenditure and will be consumed entirely during the current period. The loss in inventory is proportionately divided between the two half of the years and half of the expected loss is taken. The corresponding impact has been taken in the inventory. Task 2 (a) As per the given scenario, the average spending has decreased by 15% which means that the average spending in actual turned out to be 127.5. If we substitute this figure with the current expected occupancy rate, the revenue is likely to decrease. The following table presents the revised income statement Income Statement In ? For the six months ended September 30,20X0 Revenue 386,325 Cost of Purchases (77,265) China glass and cutlery (10,000) Bed linen and towel (10,000) Miscellaneous item s including toiletries (5,000) Labor Cost (77,265) Overhead Cost (96,581) Depreciation (133,167) Losses in inventory (1,000) Net loss (23,953) As apparent from the above table, the net loss has further increased which would adversely affect the financial outlook of the company. In order to maintain the previous less of profitability (in this case net loss of 92) the company is required to maintain the same level of sales. This can only be done by increasing the level of occupancy so that the sales remain the same at ?454,500. In order to maintain the same level of sales the monthly occupancy should be increased by 20% monthly. Since the occupancy rate of august is already 90%, it can only by increased to a perfect 100%. Following is the revised occupancy rate if the previous level of sales is desired Monty Occupancy Rate April 24% May 36% June 61% July 97% August 100% September 73% Average 65% Thus the revise sales

Fire Department Safety Officer Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Fire Department Safety Officer - Article Example This means that at this stage the Incident Commander is reactive in the delegation of his fire fighter duties (Dodson, 2007, p.56). Therefore if an Incident officer is going to make the much needed difference in the fire scene, the delegation of such safety functions need to be proactive. The concept of proactive ISO response therefore entails the pre-planning of an ISO response to cover the essential details of an efficient ISO system (Dodson, 2007, p.57). A fire department ought to practice this method in order to firstly ensure that it streamlines its efficiency practices. This will be best achieved by creating operational frameworks that aim to reduce the impacts of disasters by prevention rather than those that aim to clean up the messes once they have occurred. A proactive response is better because it helps in the preparedness of the department to cope with emerging challenges. This it does by preparing the incident commanders to have contingency measures in place for any eventual outcome. Further, a reactive delegation of the ISO hinders effective mobilisation of the resources to respond to the situation as it will be mobilisation after the fact. This encounters challenges of inadequate resources as the required resources might be tied up in other activities. Proactive responses however are better adapted to dealing with such emerging challenges as they are designed to anticipate emergencies and thus resources are readily available to deal with

Friday, October 18, 2019

Discuss Strategies Adopted By Domestic or Foreign Firms in China to Essay

Discuss Strategies Adopted By Domestic or Foreign Firms in China to Reduce Turnover of Their Staff and Assess the Effectiveness of Specific Measures - Essay Example This essay stresses that the major factor driving the staff turnover rate to increase somewhat incessantly indicates to the demographic factors of the Chinese economy, which comprises of low cost Chinese labour and the behaviour of the employees, giving much emphasis on their salary structure. The fact was further justified when the HR professionals of China reported that in the early years of 2000s, around 73% of the employees on an average, in China, had resigned from their previous jobs and moved to the other because of a higher pay structure. This discussion declares that apart from stating the reasons for the Chinese employees to leave the job, the HR professionals of China have also stated that the implementation of strategies focused on high employee satisfaction is the best method to deal with the ongoing problem of increment in the staff turnover. The various organisations are also struggling hard to retain their employees by implementing effective organisational strategies for the reduction of staff turnover rate. The continuous increase in the employee turnover rates has evidently emerged as a major barrier to the effective performance of both domestic as well as the foreign firms of China. Although the problem’s epicentre is same, the strategies adopted by the two groups have been observed as quite different. The Chinese firms usually believe that the best strategy of retaining the employees is to provide them with the best deals in comparison to those offered by other employers.... In this essay, the key area of study have been concentrated on the identification of the strategies adopted by the domestic as well as the foreign firms in China for reducing their staff turnover rates and subsequently, assessing the measurable effectiveness of those strategies in the current scenario of the economy. Discussion Strategies Adopted by Domestic firms for Reducing Staff Turnover The continuous increase in the employee turnover rates has evidently emerged as a major barrier to the effective performance of both domestic as well as the foreign firms of China. Although the problem’s epicentre is same, the strategies adopted by the two groups have been observed as quite different. For instance, to ensure better retention of the productive professionals in the organisation and mitigate the issue of increasing staff turnover rates, domestic firms in China have adopted certain distinctive strategies at organisational level, which principally focus on pay structure design efficiency, better training and developmental aids to ensure performance satisfaction to the employees and enrich management-employee relations. The Chinese firms usually believe that the best strategy of retaining the employees is to provide them with the best deals in comparison to those offered by other employers (Ferreira & Alon, n.d.). Few of these strategies that the Chinese firms have adopted for reducing the issues of staff turnover have been explained below. Considering the fact that a majority of employees decide to leave their current job being influenced by the pay hikes they shall obtain from joining another organisation, domestic firms in China often tend to emphasise regular pay hikes and increments to be delivered to their employees. In many

Raze-Raise Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Raze-Raise - Essay Example This structure made of human hair, acrylic, wood and latex rubber gives the viewer the opportunity to create individual meaning. Hen one stands close to this piece of art, there are sound bites coming from the loop. Page was able to record the imaginative process when making the exhibit. Page also recorded sounds from different gay night clubs found in Denver. The recording reverberates throughout the gallery producing an ambience of loneliness in a crowd. The blend of art, destiny and subject combination in the raze raise piece of art attracts a feeling that it is not easy to replicate. A real photograph explains everything from its appearance though it also needs some written explanation. Jeff Page was born in Denver and acquired his BFA in Interdisciplinary studies from the San Fransisco Art Institute. Page’s art work creation revolves around sculptural mixed media work and 2DD, according to Hamel (1). His works are created using collage, watercolor, acrylic and different eccentric materials. One of the reasons behind his success in art is the ability to braid concepts, material and intuition together. His areas of interest just as depicted in raze raise include the body, nature, psychology and gender. The terms raze and raise are both antonyms and homophones, meaning words opposite in meaning and yet pronounced similarly. Page’s work, including raze and raise usually center on the twofold bonding and differences especially between nature and human body. He normally explores his ideas using experimental procedure of creating unrelated materials frequently sticking them together and then tearing them separately. This procedure physically and visually unites the two materials thus generating a unified â€Å"skin.† For raze raise art exhibition, Page gathered audio from queer settings, pieces of wood, redundant hair, a chain of poured latex skins, boards to form a structure, a chain of pelts, mass of beards ,and pulses of sound. All these,

Thursday, October 17, 2019

Critical Review of Skin Deep Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Critical Review of Skin Deep - Essay Example The blind date arranged for a wedding ceremony comically highlights the many difficulties both sisters are currently experiencing in their lives and relationships. The opening scene of the play shows the two sisters discussing their relational challenges and trying to defend their outward displays of everything going well. The married sister is named Sheila Whiting, and is played by Micahla Vaccaro. Sheila discusses her marriage and the multiple plastic surgeries she has undergone in order to remain looking young for her successful lawyer husband. The un-married sister is named Maureen Mulligan, and is played by Missy Lane. Maureen tries to carry on her dull and romantically enigmatic existence due to her issues with her weight. Acting as debutant and matchmaker, Mrs. Vaccaro tries to convince her husband to set her sister up on a blind date for an upcoming wedding. The husband character, named Squire Whiting and played by Bill Krause, plays along and accepts the responsibility of being a matchmaker. As revealed later in play, Mr. Whiting feels affection and respect for his sister-in-law, which almost creates a scandal. When all the characters realize the truth by witnessing a simple hug between the husband and sister-in-law, the relational tension that has built up for many years is released. Mrs. Lane is able to resolve her low self-image with the reality that someone does find her attractive, despite her weight and increasing age. Joe Spinelli, who was set up on a blind date with Maureen, is a simple and realistic man by trade. Played by Barry Chambers, Joe is an honest character who felt attraction to Maureen but remained conservative. Mr. Whiting and Mrs. Vaccaro came to the understanding that plastic surgery was not necessary, because he loves his wife just the way she is. The set-up date creates a sexual innuendo that reminds each character that they are attracted to each other. However, the dialogues between the characters remained predicta ble and contrived. Some of the scenes were lengthy and the outcomes were understood before the conclusion was revealed. The casting was age-appropriate and helped the audience to understand that everyone was experiencing a comedic mid-life crisis. My favorite actor, Mr. Chambers, was very spontaneous and quite realistic in his gesturing. The sexual sparing that occurs between him and Maureen invokes the idea of our own parents trying to date and relate to each other while maintaining a public front. My least favorite character was the married sister. Mrs. Vaccaro seemed too stiff and her use of voice and responses seemed overly rehearsed. Although the actress was apparently feeling physically ill during that particular production, her voice was difficult to hear and did not convincingly portray a married socialite who had received too much plastic surgery. Her husband, the lawyer, was not very convincing until the very last scene, and could have interacted more with his wife. The sc enic design of the play created a neutral environment through which many interactions could occur. The stage was set as a modern, though slightly dated, apartment that allowed the actors to engage with many set props and lighting styles. The doorway, elevated from the stage, created a good use of dramatic space with the

Poverty has been a big economic problem in the world Term Paper

Poverty has been a big economic problem in the world - Term Paper Example Taking for instance, lack of income is brought out as poverty, but it is unreliable to measure. It may also be related to consumption. Poverty is mostly what is seen to be and what has been measured. The comparisons of these provide a scope that has an endless debate. Another angle can be taken as material lack or want. In this, it tries to refer to little wealth or lack of some of assets like shelter, clothing, TV’s and radios. The other definition refers to the deprivation in capability, so much focusing in what one can and what one cannot do or cannot be. This goes beyond the lack of want to further include the physical capabilities or even the self respect from the society. [Squire, L, 1993] In this era, where there is a global meltdown, the evil, which is breeding in most of nations, has increased poverty levels among people. The world is now faced with a condition where the rich are getting richer while the poor are continuously getting poorer. The global cause of povert y is less talked about and, therefore, very little has been done as a direct strategy in alleviating this poverty directly. There are interconnections, which are assured by the globalizations as well as the rules. Also, practices and the judgments that apply internationally count in these interconnections. These are mostly from the leaders of the affluent countries or the major global actors like the international organizations, corporations and the powerful people. With such manipulation from the global leaders, the governments of those who are underprivileged and the people who are in them are so much helpless in alleviating the poverty that affects them. It is in this that one sees many of the people struggling for survival while the few continue enjoying the riches at the expense of many. The statistics on poverty show that even in nations like the US, which are developed, 15 to 25 percent constitutes of poor people. They are not able to provide for basic needs like food, shelte r and these have high populations. Where there are many adults and children as well. Most of the population lives below a dollar a day. 2. Discuss the major impact to society of the problem The society has been affected by poverty in a very great way. Poverty as seen has deeper roots that if not uprooted properly, will lead to a cycle of poverty better known as the vicious poverty cycle. It is a process of activities that are in a cause and effect state. The sociological readings have revealed that poverty is transferred from one generation to another, from family values, from these routines and standards of living, which leave little room for development and which are beyond anyone’s day to day operations. The situation of a family inclined towards a moment to moment viewpoint. The main concern, which is to provide for food and shelter, has been the major concern. Being able to provide a better habitat for the children to live in, being self sufficient and having futuristic plans are very vital. The effect as of poverty has been seen to have the same effects as the consequences of not gratifying the needs of the individuals. It has been noted that the poor are mostly emaciated and unwell. They mostly live in under standard conditions. Poverty leads to drug abuse and addictions that affect the health of the people involved. The poor are not able to afford the drugs that are needed to cure the diseases that are affecting them. [IMF, 2001] They end up using those that have been left out.

Wednesday, October 16, 2019

Critical Review of Skin Deep Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Critical Review of Skin Deep - Essay Example The blind date arranged for a wedding ceremony comically highlights the many difficulties both sisters are currently experiencing in their lives and relationships. The opening scene of the play shows the two sisters discussing their relational challenges and trying to defend their outward displays of everything going well. The married sister is named Sheila Whiting, and is played by Micahla Vaccaro. Sheila discusses her marriage and the multiple plastic surgeries she has undergone in order to remain looking young for her successful lawyer husband. The un-married sister is named Maureen Mulligan, and is played by Missy Lane. Maureen tries to carry on her dull and romantically enigmatic existence due to her issues with her weight. Acting as debutant and matchmaker, Mrs. Vaccaro tries to convince her husband to set her sister up on a blind date for an upcoming wedding. The husband character, named Squire Whiting and played by Bill Krause, plays along and accepts the responsibility of being a matchmaker. As revealed later in play, Mr. Whiting feels affection and respect for his sister-in-law, which almost creates a scandal. When all the characters realize the truth by witnessing a simple hug between the husband and sister-in-law, the relational tension that has built up for many years is released. Mrs. Lane is able to resolve her low self-image with the reality that someone does find her attractive, despite her weight and increasing age. Joe Spinelli, who was set up on a blind date with Maureen, is a simple and realistic man by trade. Played by Barry Chambers, Joe is an honest character who felt attraction to Maureen but remained conservative. Mr. Whiting and Mrs. Vaccaro came to the understanding that plastic surgery was not necessary, because he loves his wife just the way she is. The set-up date creates a sexual innuendo that reminds each character that they are attracted to each other. However, the dialogues between the characters remained predicta ble and contrived. Some of the scenes were lengthy and the outcomes were understood before the conclusion was revealed. The casting was age-appropriate and helped the audience to understand that everyone was experiencing a comedic mid-life crisis. My favorite actor, Mr. Chambers, was very spontaneous and quite realistic in his gesturing. The sexual sparing that occurs between him and Maureen invokes the idea of our own parents trying to date and relate to each other while maintaining a public front. My least favorite character was the married sister. Mrs. Vaccaro seemed too stiff and her use of voice and responses seemed overly rehearsed. Although the actress was apparently feeling physically ill during that particular production, her voice was difficult to hear and did not convincingly portray a married socialite who had received too much plastic surgery. Her husband, the lawyer, was not very convincing until the very last scene, and could have interacted more with his wife. The sc enic design of the play created a neutral environment through which many interactions could occur. The stage was set as a modern, though slightly dated, apartment that allowed the actors to engage with many set props and lighting styles. The doorway, elevated from the stage, created a good use of dramatic space with the

Tuesday, October 15, 2019

The Impact of Information Technogoly in Public agency Research Paper

The Impact of Information Technogoly in Public agency - Research Paper Example The  Federal Bureau of Investigation  (FBI) is a  US government agency attached to the Department of Justice with its headquarters in Edgar Hoover Building, Washington D.C (FBI, 2012). The US government established the FBI in 1908 with a core mission of investigating federal crime, enforcing federal laws, enhancing national security, and bringing criminals to justice (Hamilton, 2007). Its priorities include protecting the United States from terrorist attacks, protecting civil rights, combating public corruption and all forms of crime, protecting the United States against cyber-based attacks, supporting local and international partners, combat transnational criminal organizations, and protecting the United States against foreign intelligence (United States Department of Justice, 2010). To realize its priorities and mission, the FBI relies on domestic and foreign Intelligence, Law Enforcement Communities, federal government support, and top class information technology to improve its operations operational and enhance the effectiveness of the agency. However, with the recent and vibrant technological advancements terrorist and criminals are now using recent technologies to launch attacks to its allies and US. Hence, to remain reliable in its commission, the FBI requires the best of information technology to keep in pace and curb the high-tech insecurity. As such, the FBI has developed the FBIs IT strategic plan and initiated measures of acquiring the best information technology professionals, digitized its operations, and maintained the FBIs IT enterprise and website (United States Department of Justice, 2010). This has been significant in providing technical direction FBI business processes, maintaining the FBIs technology assets, and providing high-tech identification and information services relating to national

Monday, October 14, 2019

Expository research paper Essay Example for Free

Expository research paper Essay Minority students have been discriminated against for a very long time; many people think that minorities don’t have the same opportunities as others, but in reality they have many advantages. Minority students have opportunities to get into good colleges and getting more scholarships than other non-minority students. Colleges look for the obvious things like grades, and extracurricular activities and all those things but what most really want is to have diversity in the college and therefore colleges need minority students. Colleges read students’ applications thoroughly, so colleges’ look for stuff that sticks out, stuff that makes a student different than the rest one thing that might sticks out is race. In the article is says, â€Å"An applicants final determination of what to say about race is often made consultation with a college counselor. Many counselors may convey to families that a multiracial applicant has a better chance of being admitted to a highly selective college than those in any other racial or ethnic category. †(Saulny). This tells how a multiracial student may have a better chance of getting into a good college than those in other racial or ethnic categories. â€Å"Many private scholarships are geared toward minorities because they are looking for something in particular†(Borowski). The author talks about how private colleges seek at minorities, which tells that they consider race are when choosing students. Molina 2 Scholarships are used to help students get into college, but some scholarships are targeted to specific students, most likely minority students. This also could equal disadvantages to non-minority students. In this article the author says, â€Å"Some private scholarships are based on a students characteristics such as race, ethnicity, and religion, and some are based on professional affiliations or future career choices†(Borowski). Private scholarships look for very specific things in students which show how much of a disadvantage some students have in. The article talks about one student’s problem, â€Å"As Johnson found, private scholarships can extremely selective. â€Å"When I research all the grants and scholarships out there, they are all really specific, targeted towards everyone but me, he says, Are you a Pacific islander who plays tuba? There is a scholarship for you. Or a woman from an inner city who works with animals? There’s a grant for you. But a hard working boy from the suburbs? Nothing. †(Borowski). The author shows how very specific scholarships can be and how they affect other people who do not fit the description of what that scholarship wants. Another reason why minorities have an advantage is because of stereotypes even if it doesn’t apply to that student. In an article a student says, â€Å"I just realized that my race is something I have to think about,† she describes herself as having an Asian mother and a black father. â€Å"It pains me to say this, but putting down black might help admission. †(Saulny). This states how putting down a specific race might better or worsen someone’s chances depending on that particular race. A mother states, â€Å"My 17 year old son is a high B student and an excellent athlete, but we’ve been unable to find any scholarships for him because he’s white. † Elizabeth says, Johnson also says â€Å"We aren’t wealthy. We don’t take on fancy vacations and we do without a lot of things. Yet because I’m white, I don’t get a hand. There are all kinds or nationalities at Molina 3 my high school, whose families have a lot more money than we have, and yet they are getting scholarships. †(Saulny). This tells how stereotypes can give minority students an advantage by colleges stereotyping and giving help to those who don’t really need it instead of to the ones that do. Minority students also think that it is a disadvantage being a minority but in reality it can be an advantage against non-minority students. Minority students are what colleges look for. There are scholarships targeted towards minorities, and due to stereotypes there are advantages. These affect more than just minority students, it basically affects everyone because being a non-minority is at a disadvantage of getting a scholarship or getting into a good college. In today’s society someone’s race could affect their future. Saulny, Susan, and Jacques Steinberg. On College Forms, a Question of Race, or Races, Can Perplex. New York Times 13 June 2011: n. pag. The New York Times. Web. 13 Apr. 2014. http://www. nytimes. com/2011/06/14/us/ 14admissions. html? pagewanted=all_r=2. Borowski, Susan. Scholarships and the White Male: Disadvantaged or Not? Insight into Diversity. N. p. , n. d. Web. 13 Apr. 2014. http://www. insightintodiversity. com/ scholarships-and-the-white-male-disadvantaged-or-not-by-susan-borowski.

Sunday, October 13, 2019

Effect Of Different Concentrations Of Vitamin C

Effect Of Different Concentrations Of Vitamin C This project was designed to investigate the effect of different concentrations of vitamin C solution on seed germination of Brassica parachinensis or Choy Sum. Seeds treated with vitamin C solutions of various concentrations were used and germination percentage was calculated. Seeds were soaked in vitamin C solutions of increasing concentrations for 12 hours, dried and then sown in germinating trays. The seeds were watered with the same amount of vitamin C solution of respective concentrations. After 36 hours, the number of germinated seeds was counted and the germination percentage was calculated and recorded. Results showed that the germination percentage increases as low concentration of vitamin C solution was used. It was shown that 1% of vitamin C solution gave the highest germination percentage. A statistical analysis using Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient showed a statistically significant negative linear relationship between concentration of vitamin C and germi nation percentage since the calculated r value was greater than critical value at 5% significant level. Introduction In order to increase productivity, it is important to improve overall growth and performance of agricultural crops. Germination rate in particular is crucial because an increase in germination rate is usually followed by an improvement of overall seedling performance   thus enhancing overall plant growth and productivity.(Parera and Cantliffe, 1991).   There are many factors affecting seed germination such as temperature, humidity, presence of light and seed dormancy. Recently, there is also evidence to support a link between certain biochemical characteristics and seed vigour.(Randhir and Shetty, 2003) Fast oxidation of fatty acids and proteins can reduce viability, vigour and germination percentage in seeds.11 Vitamin C or ascorbic acid is one of the most widely taken dietary supplement.5 It is an antioxidant which is an essential nutrient for living organisms as it protects the body against oxidative stress. Vitamin C is made naturally in plants but the amount depends on the variety of plant and external factors on which the plants grow.1 Ascorbic acid is an important metabolite involved in many cellular processes, including cell division (De Gara et al., 2003). Ascorbate has been shown to play multiple roles in plant growth, such as in cell division, cell wall expansion, and other developmental processes. It can act as a coenzyme for numerous metabolic enzymes and has recently been shown to be a potent antioxidant.12 Figure 1: The oxidation of ascorbic acid to dehydroascorbic acid 6 (410 words) Vitamin C interacts with oxidants in an oxidation reaction where ascorbic acid is oxidised to dehydroascorbic acid through an ascorbyl radical intermediate.8 The oxidized forms of ascorbate are relatively unreactive, and do not cause cellular damage. They can be converted back to ascorbate by cellular enzymes.4 Application of ascorbic acid exogenously may influence various processes in plants including seed germination, ion uptake and transport, and membrane permeability.12 Structure of vitamin C or L-ascorbic acid  or Dehydroascorbic acid   L-ascorbate 4 (nominal oxidized form  of Vitamin C) 4 Previous reports show some conflicting evidence about the effect of vitamin C towards seed germination. While some researchers say that vitamin C can promote seed vigour as in pea (Pisum Sativum) seeds, 12 some state that its presence will inhibit seed germination as in soybean seed.13 Defined in the qualitative term, seed vigour is the sum of those properties of the  seed  which determine the potential level of  activity and performance of the  seed or seed  lot during germination and seedling emergence.12 Seeds of genus Brassica are used in this experiment because the seeds are small and have a short life cycle. Therefore, experiment can be done within few days and the seeds can be used in large number with less space needed. Hence, this experiment was aimed to explore the benefits of vitamin C which is an antioxidant which may help to increase plant resistance that leads to enhanced crops. (647 words) Experimental Hypothesis The lower the concentration of vitamin C solution, the higher the germination percentage of Brassica parachinensis Null Hypothesis There is no correlation between different concentrations of vitamin C solutions and the germination percentage of Brassica parachinensis (685 words) Planning Trials Trial experiment was conducted to determine the best range of concentrations of vitamin C solution to be used and the reasonable methods and procedures so that good results are obtained. Methods Involved Preparing vitamin C solution of different concentrations Since the source of vitamin C used is the vitamin C tablet, the best method chosen is the serial dilation method. During trial, concentrations tested are 100%, 75%, 50%, 25%, 10% and 0%. The basic stock solution of 100% was prepared by dissolving 100mg of vitamin C tablet in 100ml distilled water in a 300ml beaker. Other concentrations were made by serial dilution method. To prepare 50% concentration of vitamin C solution, same amount of 100% solution and distilled water were added together. Equal amount of 100% and 50% concentrations were mixed up to make 75% concentration and so on. Sowing the seeds The seeds were primed in 6 different Petri dishes for 12 hours according to its respective concentration. Another 6 Petri dishes were labelled. Layers of cotton of the same thickness were put into Petri dishes and moisten with the same volume of vitamin C solution of different concentrations. Soaked seeds with similar size were chosen and took out of Petri dish using a pair of forceps. They are then dried using paper towels and were sown in labelled Petri dishes. (909 words) In the first trial, 25 seeds were soaked in different concentrations of vitamin C solution while another 25 seeds were not soaked before being sown. This is to determine whether it is necessary to soak seeds or not before sowing. 36 hours after sowing seeds Concentration/% Number of seeds germinated Soaked seeds 0 15 10 16 50 1 Table 1 shows the number of soaked and unsoaked seeds after 36 hours In the second trial, each group of 25 seeds were soaked in different concentrations before being sown. This is to determine the best range of concentrations of vitamin C for main experiment. 36 hours after sowing seeds Concentration/% Number of seed germinated Trial 1 Trial 2 Mean 0 15 16 16 10 18 16 17 25 5 5 5 50 1 3 2 75 2 1 2 100 1 0 1 Table 2 shows germination percentage of seeds soaked in different concentrations (1075 words) Results After 36 hours of sowing, the number of seeds germinated was counted and germination percentage was calculated. Germination is claimed to have occurred when the radicle was visibly extended from the seed, protruding through a fracture in the seed coat. The result was tabulated. Based on the results obtained after trials were carried out, there were a few things that could be done to improve result. Firstly, more seeds should be used so that the result will be more significant. For the real experiment, 50 seeds were used instead of 25 seeds. Seeds were primed for 12 hours because priming is important as seed coat contains some chemicals that inhibit germination. Seed priming is a common agronomic technique shown to cause an increase  seed vigour,  as well as synchronize and accelerate  germination, improve stress resistance, and enhance overall  plant  growth and productivity.12 However, some of the seeds start to germinate and fractures on seed coat could be observed if the seeds were primed for too long. Besides, the range of concentration to be used in real experiment was determined to be between 0% to 10% concentrations because both showed high percentage of seed germination with only slight difference in value. Seeds soaked in 100% concentration showed the lowest germination percentage. The germination of seeds was almost totally inhibited in this solution. Fractures on the seed coats were observed but radicles were not extended significantly. Besides, after carrying out trial experiment, I realized that it was better to sow seeds in germinating tray rather than in Petri dishes as Petri dish is round-shaped which made it difficult for me to count the number of seeds germinated. (1351 words) Main experiment Variables Manipulated: Concentration of vitamin C solution Different concentrations of vitamin C are prepared using the same serial dilution technique as in trials. But this time using smaller range of concentrations of 10%, 7.5%, 5%, 2.5%, 1% and 0% (distilled water). But for smaller concentration, micropipette is used instead of measuring cylinder to make up the total volume of 100ml. Responding: Germination percentage (%) Germination percentage is calculated using the following equation; Germination is said to occur when radicle emerges (>2mm) after 36 hours. Constant: mass of vitamin C (100mg/tablet), volume of solution used for soaking seeds (20ml/Petri dish) and volume of solution used to moisten cotton (60ml/tray) and environmental factors (light intensity, temperature, and humidity), period of soaking, type and number of seeds. All trays were placed under normal white fluorescent lamp and on a laboratory table at 28ËÅ ¡C. Apparatus and materials Apparatus: 300ml beakers, Petri dishes, measuring cylinders, germinating trays, stirring rod, micropipette, and pestle and mortar. Materials: Distilled water, 100mg vitamin C tablet, cotton, choy sum seeds, and paper towels. (1535 words) Safety precautions Gloves were worn when handling vitamin C tablet to prevent tablet from contamination. Micropipette was used with care. The tip of micropipette was always checked to ensure that there is no air bubbles inside it as this may reduce the actual volume required for each concentration. Glass wares like beakers and measuring cylinders were handled gently since the apparatus may break easily. This may lead to injuries. Soaked seeds were transferred gently using forceps as they are very fragile. Data collections of main study Number of seeds used in every concentration: 50 Soaking for 12 hours Observations after soaking seeds for 36 hours Concentration (%) Number of seeds germinated Mean number of seeds germinated Replicate 1 Replicate 2 Replicate 3 0.0 45 44 43 44 1.0 48 48 47 48 2.5 42 39 38 40 5.0 41 42 43 42 7.5 35 35 34 35 10.0 34 33 33 33 Table 2 shows the germination percentage for seeds treated with different concentrations (1712 words) Sample calculation (taken values from 0% concentration) Germination percentage: =44/50 x 100 =88% (1749 words) Statistical analysis For this experiment, Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient (PMCC) was used to measure the strength of linear dependence between the two variables; the different concentrations and the germination percentage. The values obtained are normally distributed. The correlation coefficient, r ranges from -1 to 1. A value of 1 implies that a linear equation describes the relationship between X and Y perfectly for which Y increases as X increases. A value -1 implies correlation in which Y decreases as X increases. A value of 0 implies that there is no linear correlation between the variables. x 0.0 1.0 2.5 5.0 7.5 10.0 ÃŽ £x=26 y 88 96 80 84 70 66 ÃŽ £y=484 x2 0.0 1.00 6.25 25.0 56.25 100.0 ÃŽ £x2=188.5 y2 7744 9216 6400 7056 4900 4356 ÃŽ £y2=39672 xy 0.0 96 200 420 525 660 ÃŽ £xy=1901 Table 3 shows the calculations done in calculating the values of r Sx = x2 = 188.5 (26)2/6 = 75.833 Sy = y2 = 39672 (484)2/6 = 629.33 Sxy = xy = 1901 [(26) (484)]/6 = -196.33 (1933 words) To find correlation coefficient, r r = r = -196.33/ (75.8331/2 x 629.331/2) r = -0.899 (negative sign indicates negative correlation between variables) Degree of freedom = n -2 n = # of pairs of data = 6 2 = 4 Level of significance for two-tailed test .10 .05 .02 1 .988 .997 .9995 2 .900 .950 .980 3 .805 .878 .934 4 .729 .811 .882 5 .669 .754 .833 6 .621 .707 .789 Table 4 shows the critical values for PMCC The value of r obtained was compared with the critical value from Table 4 at 5% significance level. r = 0.899 > 0.811 (critical value) at 5% significance level An analysis using PMCC demonstrated a statistically significant negative linear relationship between concentration of vitamin C and germination percentage since calculated r value was greater than the critical value at 5% significance level. Therefore, null hypothesis can be rejected. (2093 words) Data analysis Based on the data collected in Table 2, it was shown that low concentration of vitamin C did promote germination of choy sum to a certain extent. The statistical analysis using PMCC further verified the correlation. The table also revealed that only low concentration of vitamin C was needed to hasten germination since under 10% concentration, seeds germinated at a lower rate (66%). Graph 1 illustrates clearly the general trend and relationship between the variables, the lower the concentration of vitamin C, the lower the germination rate of choy sum. The highest germination rate (96%) was recorded by seeds sown in 1% vitamin C concentration which was the lowest concentration used. However, it can be seen that the line is fluctuating downwards and there is a linear graph showing that the values obtained were due to certain errors that lead to some anomalous results. At 5% concentration of vitamin C, we can see that the germination rate is slightly higher than that of 2.5% but it is not supposed to be so. Some of errors that may occur during experiment are Mixing error when preparing solutions of different concentrations by serial dilution. The thickness of cotton layer in germinating tray may not be constant throughout the tray so vitamin C solution with thinner cotton layer may get evaporated faster thus absorption of solution is less for the seed in that tray Some of seeds may have been initially damaged so germination may not happen (2342 words) The germination percentage was compared with the result from other published academic journals. The germination percentage against day graph below shows the results from journal titled Effect of vitamin C and folic acid on seed vigour response and phenolic-linked antioxidant activity from source 12. It shows that the optimum concentration of vitamin C for pea seed to germinate is 500micromol/dm3. Using appropriate calculations, it can be calculated that 10% concentration is approximately equal to 500micromol/dm3.9 Thus, the germination percentage of pea seed in 10% concentration is highest compared to other concentrations. However, the result I obtained for highest germination percentage for Brassica parachinensis was different. This can be due to some errors and limitations occurred during experiment or the fact that they are of different types of seed which is further discussed in limitation and modification part. In this experiment, the constant or controlled variable is the use of distilled water (0% concentration). Since the results showed that the difference between germination rate between 0% and 1% concentration was very small (only about 8%), this indicated that the effect of vitamin C on seed vigour may be too little. Even though the effect is little, it cannot be denied that this little help from vitamin C can give a huge impact on agricultural sector as it is able to promote seed germination therefore improving mass production of plants rather than watering seeds with water only. (2577 words) Evaluation Seeds are exposed to various biotic and abiotic stresses during germination. Oxidative stress for example, caused by the production of high level of reactive oxygen intermediates such as O2, O2-, H2O2, and HO- can lead to the destruction of cells.4 Presence of low concentration of exogenous vitamin C stimulates seed vigour as it minimises oxidative stress by scavenging these reactive oxygen species. Many oxidants contain an unpaired electron so they are highly reactive. These free radicals are damaging because they can interact with other molecules resulting in a whole chain of free radical reactions. Ascorbate can terminate these chained radical reactions by serving as a stable (electron + proton) donor in interactions with free radicals.4 However, high concentration of vitamin C solution inhibits seed germination because as solution becomes more concentrated, more water from cells diffuse out causing cellular membrane leakage.3 Besides that, being a good electron donor, excess ascorbate in the presence of free metal ions can not only promote, but also initiate free radical reactions, thus making it a potentially dangerous pro-oxidative compound in certain metabolic contexts.8 We hypothesize that whether vitamin C has a net pro oxidant or antioxidant effect depends on the concentration of vitamin C solution.8 With relation to improving  seed vigour  through stimulation of  phenolic  synthesis, it has been suggested that exogenously applied  phenolic antioxidants may be able to stimulate endogenous  phenolic  content in plants  (Randhir and Shetty, 2003  and  Randhir et al., 2002). Due to its inherent  antioxidant  potential, vitamin C seems to be a suitable growth regulator in increasing  seed vigour and phenolic  elicitation. In this study, we have hypothesized that the treatment of plants with  vitamin C  as exogenous  seed treatments may result in an increase in both biochemical and traditional agronomic indicators of  seed vigour.11 (2873 words) Limitations and modifications One of the limitations in this experiment is the changing surrounding temperature. The seeds were left in laboratory room where the temperature may fluctuate over time. This may affect the germinating time of the seeds and the number of germinated seed after 36 hours. Besides temperature, humidity and light intensity were also uncontrolled. Since all seeds were exposed to the same environmental factors, the result is considered to be reliable. Besides that, some seeds may have been initially damaged before soaking or sowing. Therefore, vitamin C solution may not be the actual cause of inhibition of seed germination. The seeds are chosen only by physical measures such as similarity in size, shape and colour and seed coat is not broken. However, limitations can be overcome by using a large number of seeds and the experiment is repeated for a few times to ensure that result obtained is reliable and enough to support conclusion. This investigation tests only on the effectiveness of vitamin C solution on seed germination without exposing seeds to other biotic stress such as salinity or abiotic stress such as exposure to sunlight. Modifications could be made by introducing a biotic or abiotic stress to the seed and observe if vitamin C still stimulates seed germination or otherwise. Different types of seed may have different result with vitamin C solution. So, using seeds from one type of plant may not be able to indicate how vitamin C actually acts on seed. As vitamin C may enhance seed vigour in certain species, it could do otherwise to other species. Hence, the same experiment should be done to seeds from other species to see how they are affected by vitamin C solution. Conclusion The lower the concentration of vitamin C, the higher the germination rate of Brassica parachinensis seeds. This is due to the antioxidant properties of vitamin C which acts against the oxidative stress. The optimum vitamin C concentration for seed germination is 1%. (3200 words) Source Evaluation I have referred to various sources in conducting my research. Sources 1, 2, 3 and 4 are from Wikipedia which has been the largest and most popular general  reference work  on the  internet. Although many have doubts over its reliability as it can be edited by anyone with access to the site but it is cited and linked to many other literatures and academic researches around the globe. Source 5 is a website written by health experts on health and medicine. Source 6 is a website that provides information written by university scholars with reference to other academic researches. Source 7 is reliable as it is written by  Dr. Bryan D. McKersie of  University  of  Guelph and is posted on the internet in 1996. Source 8 is a reliable source as it is an article by The American Society for Nutritional Sciences and was published in The Journal of Nutrition website in 2004. Source 9 has been a referral site to many people around the world. The information seems reliable as it is written by experts. Source 10 is a published book thus the information is reliable. Source 11 is a journal from ScienceDirect which I have accessed from my campus library. ScienceDirect is a leading full-text scientific database offering journal articles and book chapters from more than 2,500 peer-reviewed journals and more than 11,000 books. There are currently more than 9.5 million articles/chapters, a content base that is growing at a rate of almost 0.5 million additions per year. It is operated by the publisher Elsevier. Source 12 is a journal advised by an international Editorial Board and is abstracted or indexed by various research databases like the EBSCO and Elsevier. Source 13 is an article from the Journal of Biological Chemistry.